Hover time & total mass vs battery energy
Max T/W & hover efficiency vs battery energy
Adding battery adds weight, which raises hover power and lowers T/W: hover time peaks, then falls. The purple marker is the largest pack that still meets your T/W target (tiny packs can also fail it: C-rate limited).
Hover efficiency & power vs thrust
Throttle & RPM vs thrust
Currents vs thrust
Motor & system efficiency vs thrust
x-axis is thrust per motor (g), up to the max sustainable thrust (voltage, motor-current and battery C-rate limited). The dot marks the hover point.
Bill of materials
% of dry is each line's share of everything except the battery; % of total includes the battery (so the battery has no % of dry). Weight is per item (g), the line total is weight × qty. Frame, Motors and Propellers are always listed; Motors and Propellers (and their part names) are linked to the left panel: motor count, motor mass, prop mass (0 = unspecified, not counted). Add ESCs, camera, antennas, payload and so on as extra lines. In itemize mode the dry-mass total of this table is the dry mass used everywhere (calculator, sweeps, optimizer). Motor R and I0 are estimates from KV and mass.
Hover efficiency & max T/W vs motor KV
… vs prop diameter
… vs prop pitch
… vs series cell count (pack energy & mass scale with S; Wh/kg held)
Each chart varies one input and holds the rest at your current design (dot). Dry mass, motor mass and R are held fixed (a bigger prop would really want a bigger, heavier motor). Gaps mean the aircraft cannot hover (not enough voltage).
Optimize the design
Holds your prop diameter, dry mass, motor count & mass, cell voltage, C-rate, usable energy, min max-thrust:weight (which fixes the hover thrust) (edit them in the left panel) and searches blade count, pitch, motor KV, cell count and pack capacity for the best design, with the battery built from the generic Wh/kg below.
Estimates from a generic model: motor resistance and no-load current are estimated from KV and mass, and the propeller from diameter × pitch × blades. Expect real hover power to differ by roughly 10–20% (more for small props), so use it to compare options. Nothing you enter is saved: settings reset when you reload the page. The site this page is on may count anonymous use, such as how many reports are made and the motor, propeller and battery sizes tried.